Looking to start a career in security without prior armed experience? Unarmed security jobs are a growing field, offering accessible opportunities for individuals with minimal entry requirements. Here’s what you need to know:
- Basic Requirements: Be at least 18 years old, hold a high school diploma or GED, pass a background check, and meet state-specific licensing rules.
- Job Role: Duties include patrolling, access control, monitoring surveillance, and incident reporting.
- Industries Hiring: Retail, residential properties, healthcare, educational institutions, and public venues.
- Average Pay: $32,946 annually or $16/hour, with potential for higher earnings through certifications.
- Key Skills: Communication, observation, de-escalation, and problem-solving.
- Licensing: Required in most states, involving training, fingerprinting, and fees.
- Training: Focuses on conflict management, emergency response, and first aid.
Unarmed security roles emphasize safety through presence and communication, making them ideal for customer-facing environments. Whether you’re new to the workforce or transitioning from another field, this career path offers a stable entry point with room for growth.
What Do You Need To Be A Security Officer? – SecurityFirstCorp.com
What Unarmed Security Guards Do
Unarmed security guards play a key role in maintaining safety by focusing on observation, deterrence, and incident reporting, rather than physical confrontation. Their effectiveness comes from their visible presence, use of de-escalation techniques, and quick communication with law enforcement when necessary. Unlike armed guards, who are trained to handle higher-risk situations involving the use of force, unarmed guards operate in environments where a calm and approachable demeanor is essential.
Here’s a closer look at their primary responsibilities and the industries that rely on their services.
Main Duties and Responsibilities
While the specific tasks of unarmed security guards can vary depending on their location, certain responsibilities remain consistent across most roles. One of the most important duties is patrolling the premises. Whether on foot or in a vehicle, guards regularly inspect property to identify potential risks. Their visible presence alone often deters criminal activity and provides peace of mind to employees, residents, and customers.
Another critical task is access control. Guards monitor entry and exit points, verify identification when necessary, and ensure that only authorized individuals have access to restricted areas.
"Unarmed security guards fulfill a vital role in maintaining safety and security by preventing illegal activities, conducting access control procedures, patrolling buildings and perimeters, and promptly reporting security breaches to law enforcement." – Ryan Bantique [2]
Many unarmed guards spend significant time monitoring surveillance equipment. They keep an eye on security cameras, review footage when incidents occur, and track alarm systems. If something suspicious arises, they investigate directly or notify law enforcement, depending on the situation’s severity. Guards also document all incidents in detailed reports, which help management identify patterns and improve security measures.
Beyond these core duties, guards often assist individuals by providing directions, answering questions, or offering help as needed. In retail settings, their approachable presence adds value beyond security, as they deter theft, investigate disturbances, and respond to emergencies. Some guards, with additional training, can even offer basic first aid or CPR until professional medical help arrives.
In retail environments specifically, unarmed guards focus heavily on loss prevention. They deter shoplifting, monitor for employee theft, and may check bags at exits during special events. At the end of the day, they ensure buildings are secure by locking doors and windows and activating alarm systems.
Industries That Hire Unarmed Security Personnel
Unarmed security guards adapt their responsibilities to fit the unique needs of various industries. Here’s how their roles differ based on the work environment:
- Retail stores and shopping malls: Guards here focus on preventing theft, managing crowds during busy periods, and maintaining order. They often interact with customers while staying alert for suspicious behavior.
- Residential properties: Apartment complexes, gated communities, and neighborhoods often employ guards to patrol grounds, monitor access points, investigate disturbances, and enforce community rules. In these settings, guards often build relationships with residents, offering a reassuring presence.
- Commercial properties and office buildings: Guards handle access control, monitor surveillance systems, patrol parking areas, and secure facilities after hours. They also manage visitor check-ins, escort contractors, and address employee safety concerns.
- Educational institutions: Schools and campuses hire guards to provide visible security, control access points, monitor equipment, and assist students, staff, and visitors. These guards are often chosen for their ability to interact positively with young people while remaining vigilant.
- Healthcare facilities: Hospitals and clinics require guards who can handle sensitive situations calmly. They patrol hospital grounds, assist with disruptions, protect night-shift staff, and manage access to restricted areas. De-escalation skills are especially important in these environments, where stress levels can run high.
- Public venues and special events: Concerts, sports games, and conferences often need temporary security to manage large crowds, check for prohibited items, guard entry points, and respond to emergencies. Event security demands adaptability and the ability to stay composed in high-pressure situations.
Many businesses choose unarmed guards because they are approachable, present lower legal risks, and are more cost-effective than armed personnel. Their focus on de-escalation and conflict resolution makes them ideal for customer-facing environments where maintaining a welcoming atmosphere is just as important as ensuring safety.
Basic Requirements for Unarmed Security Jobs
Starting a career in unarmed security doesn’t require advanced degrees or extensive experience. However, understanding what employers are looking for can help you prepare and boost your chances of landing your first role.
Age, Education, and Legal Requirements
To qualify for most unarmed security positions, you need to be at least 18 years old and hold a high school diploma or GED. While many in the field have only a high school diploma (44.1%), some hold an Associate’s degree (20.9%) or even a Bachelor’s degree (18.6%) [1]. Although higher education can set you apart, it’s not a prerequisite for getting started.
Employers and state licensing agencies place a strong emphasis on your legal background. Every candidate must pass a thorough criminal background check, which is a key step in determining eligibility for licensure. Felony convictions – especially those involving violence, theft, fraud, or dishonesty – are typically disqualifying. For example, Wisconsin law prohibits individuals with unpardoned felony convictions from securing licensure [6]. This approach is common across the U.S.
Misdemeanors, however, don’t necessarily bar you from the profession. Each case is reviewed to determine if the offense is relevant to security work. Some states, like Wisconsin, even offer a predetermination process, allowing applicants to check their eligibility before formally applying [6].
In addition to background checks, candidates must pass drug screenings. Many employers also conduct random drug tests during employment, so maintaining a clean record is vital for long-term success [3][4].
Licensing requirements vary by state, with 30 states currently requiring unarmed security guards to hold a license [1]. Licensing often involves fingerprinting, pre-assignment training, and associated fees. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, most states require security guards to meet the same baseline qualifications: a high school diploma or equivalent, being at least 18 years old, and passing a background check [5].
These legal and educational requirements are just the starting point. The role also demands physical and mental readiness.
Physical and Mental Fitness Standards
Unarmed security work isn’t just about meeting legal criteria – it also requires you to maintain certain physical and mental capabilities. The job often involves 8- to 12-hour shifts, which may include walking, standing, or patrolling for extended periods. Physical stamina is key. Many roles also require you to handle tasks like moving or lifting objects weighing up to 80 lbs [4]. This could include setting up barriers or assisting individuals during emergencies.
Good vision and hearing are essential for staying alert and situationally aware. While corrected vision with glasses or contacts is acceptable, clear sight is critical for monitoring activity. Similarly, strong hearing helps you respond to alarms, communicate effectively over radios, and interact with people on-site.
Certain specialized roles, such as those in healthcare security, may require additional health screenings. These evaluations ensure you’re prepared to work in environments where you might encounter infectious diseases or need to assist in patient-related incidents [4].
Mental readiness is just as important as physical fitness. Security guards must maintain focus and situational awareness throughout their shifts. Whether it’s identifying suspicious behavior or spotting potential risks, staying alert is a must. This includes managing quiet periods without losing concentration and being ready to act when necessary.
Patience and stress management are critical traits for handling tense situations, difficult individuals, or criticism. Remaining calm under pressure and making sound decisions quickly can set you apart as a dependable professional. Strong problem-solving skills are also invaluable, helping you assess situations and respond appropriately without overreacting.
Clear and effective communication skills are another cornerstone of the job. Whether you’re writing incident reports, speaking with supervisors, or interacting with the public, your ability to express yourself clearly is crucial. Customer service skills are especially important in environments like retail, residential, or corporate settings, where guards often serve as the first point of contact.
Above all, integrity and accountability are non-negotiable. Employers need guards they can trust to follow procedures, report incidents accurately, and represent their organization in a professional manner. If you show reliability, attention to detail, and a genuine commitment to safety, many companies are willing to train you – even if you’re new to the field.
How to Get Certified and Licensed
Starting your career as an unarmed security professional means understanding and meeting certification and licensing requirements. Since these rules differ by state, it’s essential to familiarize yourself with the specific steps required where you plan to work.
State-Specific Licensing Requirements
Each state has its own set of licensing rules. Many require you to complete pre-assignment training, undergo fingerprinting and a background check, and pay an application fee. Even in states without formal licensing mandates, employers often have their own training or certification requirements you’ll need to meet before starting a job.
Some states outline clear processes, including specific training hours, fees, and timelines for application processing. Others might combine pre-assignment training with on-the-job learning. Keep in mind that licenses are typically state-specific, so if you plan to work in more than one state, you’ll need to secure separate licenses for each.
For the most accurate and up-to-date details, visit your state’s licensing board or department of public safety website. Local security companies or training providers can also be excellent resources for navigating your area’s specific requirements.
Once you’ve obtained your license, remember to stay on top of renewals to keep your credentials valid.
License Renewal and Continuing Education
Getting your license is just the first step – keeping it active requires periodic renewals and, sometimes, additional training. Renewal timelines vary by state, but the process generally includes submitting a renewal application, paying a fee, and possibly updating your background check or fingerprint records. In some cases, states may also require you to complete renewal training.
Even if your state doesn’t mandate continuing education, taking extra courses can boost your skills and advance your career. Training in areas like conflict resolution, emergency response, or other specialized fields can make you a stronger candidate for promotions or new roles.
To stay on track, set reminders to renew your license before it expires. Keep organized records of all completed training and certifications to simplify the renewal process and ensure compliance with state regulations.
Training Programs and Skills You Need
Getting licensed is just the beginning. To thrive in an unarmed security role, you’ll need targeted training and strong interpersonal skills to handle the challenges that come your way.
Required Training Programs
Once you’re certified, most states require additional training to ensure you’re fully prepared. These programs focus on key areas like conflict management, de-escalation techniques, and emergency response. You’ll also learn defensive tactics designed to protect yourself and others while avoiding unnecessary physical contact. First aid and CPR training are often included, equipping you to handle medical emergencies until professional help arrives. On top of that, you’ll develop skills in observation and incident reporting, which are critical for maintaining safety and documenting events accurately. Depending on where you work, you might also need specialized training tailored to your specific industry or facility.
Interpersonal Skills for the Job
Technical training is essential, but your success in unarmed security also depends heavily on your interpersonal skills. Since you’ll interact with the public regularly, mastering these soft skills is just as important as any certification.
- Communication skills are essential. Whether you’re giving directions during an emergency, explaining policies, or writing incident reports, clear and effective communication is key.
- De-escalation abilities help you manage tense situations without resorting to physical intervention. Spotting early signs of agitation and staying calm can often prevent conflicts from escalating.
- Customer service orientation is vital. As the first point of contact, you’ll need to strike the right balance between being approachable and maintaining authority, creating a safe yet welcoming environment.
- Situational awareness keeps you alert to your surroundings, enabling you to identify unusual behavior or potential risks before they escalate.
- Problem-solving skills allow you to think on your feet, especially when faced with unexpected challenges that might not align with standard procedures.
- Professionalism is non-negotiable. Staying composed, respectful, and focused – even under pressure – shows you can be trusted with sensitive information and high-stakes responsibilities.
To sharpen these skills, consider additional training in areas like conflict resolution and customer service. Practical experience, feedback from colleagues, and participating in workshops can also help you grow. By continuously learning and applying these skills, you’ll build a solid foundation for a successful career in unarmed security.
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Background Checks and Screening Process
Starting a career as an unarmed security guard involves more than just showing up for the job – it requires passing a detailed screening process. Employers and state agencies need to ensure that candidates are reliable and prepared to handle the responsibilities that come with the role. Here’s what you should know to navigate this process smoothly.
Criminal Background Checks
A criminal background check is a non-negotiable step in becoming an unarmed security guard. Both state and federal screenings are required, often including fingerprinting and associated fees. The specific requirements depend on your state. For instance, in California, applicants must submit fingerprints using the Security Guard Request for Live Scan Form, with fees varying by location [7][9][10].
Each state has its own set of disqualifying factors. In California, felony convictions and violent crimes – such as assault with a deadly weapon, robbery, or serious drug-related offenses – are automatic disqualifiers [10]. Delaware follows a similar approach, barring individuals with any felony conviction, more than two misdemeanor convictions involving theft, drug offenses, or moral turpitude within the past seven years, or a dishonorable military discharge [9].
However, non-violent misdemeanors don’t necessarily disqualify you in many states. California’s Bureau of Security and Investigative Services (BSIS) evaluates these cases individually, considering the nature of the offense, how long ago it occurred, and whether you’ve fulfilled probation or rehabilitation requirements [10]. If you’re unsure about your eligibility, it’s best to complete the background check and let the BSIS make the final decision [10]. These measures ensure that only qualified candidates advance in the process.
Some states also allow provisional work while background checks are completed. For example, in Virginia, you can work for up to 90 days as long as your fingerprints are submitted by your hire date [8].
If you already hold a security license, staying compliant is critical. License holders must report any arrests or incidents that could disqualify them within five business days. In Delaware, failing to do so may result in suspension or revocation of the license [9].
Drug Testing and Aptitude Tests
Once you pass the criminal background check, the next steps typically include drug and aptitude testing. Drug screening is a standard requirement in the security field to ensure personnel are alert and capable of making sound decisions under pressure. Most employers require a pre-employment drug test, and many conduct random screenings during employment. These tests usually check for substances like marijuana, cocaine, amphetamines, opiates, and PCP.
Drug tests often involve providing a supervised urine sample, with results typically available within a few days to a week. Some employers may also use hair testing, which can detect substance use for up to 90 days.
In addition to drug testing, many companies assess candidates through aptitude tests. These evaluations measure essential skills such as reading comprehension, basic math, logical reasoning, and situational judgment. You might encounter hypothetical scenarios designed to test how you’d handle specific security situations, showcasing your decision-making skills and practical judgment.
Honesty is key throughout the application process. Leaving out information or providing false details can lead to disqualification. Demonstrating transparency not only keeps you in the running but also highlights your integrity – an essential trait in the security industry.
How to Stand Out as a Candidate
To make a strong impression during your job search, go beyond listing certifications and skills. Tailor your resume, cover letter, and CV to emphasize the abilities and experiences that align with unarmed security roles[11]. Take the time to research the company you’re applying to, so you can identify the qualities they value most and showcase how you meet their needs.
Where to Find and Apply for Jobs
Once you’ve completed your training and certification, it’s time to focus on the job hunt. Knowing where to look and how to approach the hiring process can make all the difference. Here’s a breakdown of the key places to find opportunities and tips for navigating the process.
Job Boards and Security Agencies
Start your search by exploring a variety of platforms to increase your chances of landing the right position. Popular job boards like Indeed, LinkedIn, and ZipRecruiter frequently list unarmed security roles across the United States, many of which offer competitive pay.
For those with security clearances, specialized platforms like ClearedJobs.Net are worth checking out. This site focuses on roles in defense, intelligence, and government sectors, including positions in "Law Enforcement / Physical Security" [12]. You can create a detailed profile, upload your resume, and highlight your clearance level and skills, making it easier for employers to find you.
Another option is working directly with established security agencies. These agencies often provide more than just job placement. They offer comprehensive training in areas like anti-terrorism tactics, patrol techniques, first aid/CPR, and criminal law. Plus, they handle licensing and certification while maintaining a wide range of client relationships. Once certified, agencies can assign you to various posts, help you gain experience, and support your career growth. Many agencies also give hiring preference to military veterans and former law enforcement officers for their field expertise and crisis management skills.
Local staffing agencies specializing in security placements can also be valuable. These agencies often partner with multiple employers and can help match you with jobs that fit your qualifications and preferences. Additionally, don’t underestimate the power of professional networks and referrals. Many security companies prioritize candidates recommended by current employees, as referrals often signal reliability and a strong work ethic.
One crucial step is verifying that potential employers are properly licensed and comply with state regulations [15]. Keep in mind, you can’t work independently as an unarmed security guard – you need to be employed by or have a job offer from a licensed private security company [16].
Once you’ve identified promising opportunities, it’s important to evaluate job offers carefully to ensure they align with your career goals.
How to Evaluate Job Offers
When you receive a job offer, don’t just focus on the salary. Take a closer look at the overall compensation package, which includes benefits, training opportunities, and other perks. These factors can vary significantly depending on the employer, location, and the industry you’re entering. For example, entry-level roles in rural areas may offer lower starting pay, while jobs in urban centers or specialized industries like healthcare, finance, or government often come with higher wages.
Benefits packages can include health insurance, retirement plans, paid time off, and even shift differentials for evening or overnight work. Some employers also provide tuition reimbursement or professional development programs, which can be a major advantage if you’re aiming for supervisory or specialized roles in the future. Remember, the total value of a compensation package often extends far beyond the base salary.
Training and development opportunities are another important factor to consider. Employers offering additional training can help you enhance your skills and increase your marketability. Also, think about the work environment and job structure. Some roles involve predictable schedules and fixed posts, while others may require more flexibility with foot or vehicle patrols. To get a sense of what it’s like to work for a company, check reviews on platforms like Glassdoor or Indeed for feedback from current and former employees.
It’s also a good idea to ask questions during the interview. Inquire about career advancement opportunities, such as moving into armed roles, supervisory positions, or specialized areas. Clarify expectations around background checks, drug testing, and any additional certifications needed. Most hiring processes include thorough background checks covering criminal history, employment verification, and references, along with drug screening and aptitude tests [15]. Understanding these requirements upfront can save you from surprises later.
Timing is another consideration, especially when it comes to licensing requirements in your state. For instance:
- In New York, you must complete 8 hours of pre-assignment training before applying, plus 16 hours of on-the-job training within 90 days of employment [14].
- In Virginia, 18 hours of initial training are required, but you can work for up to 90 days while completing this training if your fingerprints were submitted before your hire date [13].
Employers who cover training costs or provide paid training time can add significant value to their job offers.
When it comes to salary negotiations, do your homework. Use resources like Glassdoor, PayScale, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics to research typical pay ranges for unarmed security guards in your area. Keep in mind that wages can vary widely depending on location. Approach negotiations professionally, and highlight your certifications, transferable skills, and dedication to your role – qualities that make you stand out as a candidate.
Conclusion
Pursuing a career in unarmed security doesn’t require military experience, a college degree, or prior armed training. What it does demand is meeting basic qualifications, completing required training, and showcasing a strong blend of interpersonal and professional skills.
Start by ensuring you meet the minimum requirements, such as being at least 18 years old and holding a high school diploma or GED. From there, research your state’s licensing procedures, as these can vary. Secure your license and complete any mandatory training. Additional certifications – like CPR, first aid, or de-escalation techniques – can give you a competitive edge.
Your personal abilities are just as important as formal qualifications. Strong communication, keen observation, problem-solving, and conflict resolution skills are invaluable. If you’re transitioning from another field, consider how your experience in customer service, retail, hospitality, or even the military can demonstrate your ability to handle responsibility and interact effectively with others.
When you’re ready to apply, explore job boards, connect with security agencies, and tap into professional networks. If you hold a security clearance, platforms like ClearedJobs.Net can help you find roles in government or defense sectors. Before accepting any position, confirm that the employer is properly licensed and adheres to state regulations.
The unarmed security field offers steady work across a variety of industries, including retail, healthcare, education, and corporate settings. With the right preparation and a focused approach, you can build a stable and fulfilling career that contributes to public safety. By following these steps and leveraging the strategies outlined, you’ll be well on your way to starting a meaningful journey in unarmed security.
FAQs
What sets unarmed security roles apart from armed ones, and how do these differences influence job duties?
Unarmed security roles are centered on keeping watch, identifying potential issues, and preventing incidents in places like schools, retail stores, and office buildings. These positions rely heavily on sharp observation, clear communication, and effective conflict resolution – all without the use of weapons.
On the other hand, armed security guards take on additional duties, including carrying and responsibly handling firearms. They must be prepared for situations where the use of force might be necessary. To take on these responsibilities, armed guards undergo specialized training, earn certifications, and must fully understand the legal boundaries surrounding the use of deadly force. With these added risks and duties, armed positions often come with stricter qualifications and requirements.
Can I still get hired as an unarmed security guard if I have a misdemeanor on my record?
Having a misdemeanor on your record doesn’t necessarily mean you can’t become an unarmed security guard. However, whether it affects your eligibility often depends on the type of offense and the hiring policies of the company you’re applying to. Many employers take a closer look at candidates individually, considering details like how much time has passed since the offense and whether it’s relevant to the responsibilities of the role.
To boost your chances, focus on showcasing your professionalism and dependability. Highlight any certifications, training, or relevant experience that demonstrate your dedication to the job. If your record comes up, be upfront about it and use the opportunity to explain how you’ve grown since then and the steps you’ve taken to ensure it won’t affect your ability to perform effectively.
How can I grow my career in unarmed security and move into leadership or specialized roles?
Advancing your career in unarmed security means focusing on skill-building and gaining hands-on experience. Consider enrolling in extra training or earning certifications in areas such as threat assessment, conflict resolution, or emergency response. These qualifications can help you stand out when seeking promotions or specialized roles.
Taking on leadership tasks, even on a smaller scale, shows initiative and can highlight your readiness for supervisory positions. Building connections with professionals in the industry and keeping up with the latest security trends can also lead to new opportunities. By consistently sharpening your skills, you’ll set yourself up for long-term success in the field.
